Achsen mit engem Layout anpassen

tight_layout versucht, Unterplots in einer Abbildung so zu skalieren, dass es keine Überlappungen zwischen Achsenobjekten und Beschriftungen auf den Achsen gibt.

Weitere Informationen finden Sie im Leitfaden für enges Layout und als Alternative im Leitfaden für erzwungenes Layout.

import itertools
import warnings

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fontsizes = itertools.cycle([8, 16, 24, 32])


def example_plot(ax):
    ax.plot([1, 2])
    ax.set_xlabel('x-label', fontsize=next(fontsizes))
    ax.set_ylabel('y-label', fontsize=next(fontsizes))
    ax.set_title('Title', fontsize=next(fontsizes))

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
example_plot(ax)
fig.tight_layout()

fig, ((ax1, ax2), (ax3, ax4)) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
example_plot(ax3)
example_plot(ax4)
fig.tight_layout()

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=1)
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
fig.tight_layout()

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=2)
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
fig.tight_layout()

fig, axs = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=3)
for ax in axs.flat:
    example_plot(ax)
fig.tight_layout()

plt.figure()
ax1 = plt.subplot(221)
ax2 = plt.subplot(223)
ax3 = plt.subplot(122)
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
example_plot(ax3)
plt.tight_layout()

plt.figure()
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (0, 0))
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (0, 1), colspan=2)
ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (1, 0), colspan=2, rowspan=2)
ax4 = plt.subplot2grid((3, 3), (1, 2), rowspan=2)
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
example_plot(ax3)
example_plot(ax4)
plt.tight_layout()

fig = plt.figure()

gs1 = fig.add_gridspec(3, 1)
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs1[0])
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs1[1])
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(gs1[2])
example_plot(ax1)
example_plot(ax2)
example_plot(ax3)
gs1.tight_layout(fig, rect=[None, None, 0.45, None])

gs2 = fig.add_gridspec(2, 1)
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(gs2[0])
ax5 = fig.add_subplot(gs2[1])
example_plot(ax4)
example_plot(ax5)
with warnings.catch_warnings():
    # gs2.tight_layout cannot handle the subplots from the first gridspec
    # (gs1), so it will raise a warning. We are going to match the gridspecs
    # manually so we can filter the warning away.
    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", UserWarning)
    gs2.tight_layout(fig, rect=[0.45, None, None, None])

# now match the top and bottom of two gridspecs.
top = min(gs1.top, gs2.top)
bottom = max(gs1.bottom, gs2.bottom)

gs1.update(top=top, bottom=bottom)
gs2.update(top=top, bottom=bottom)

plt.show()

Referenzen

Die Verwendung der folgenden Funktionen, Methoden, Klassen und Module wird in diesem Beispiel gezeigt

• matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout / matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout

• matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec

• matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot

• matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid

Schlagwörter: Komponente: Achsen Komponente: Unterplot Styling: Größe Level: Anfänger